Abortion and Virtue Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Premature birth and Virtue - Essay Example The principle contention depends on the ethical qualities of the individuals who participate in it. Nonetheless, the paper asserts that people have a specific character since they have enjoyed different activities; character depends on the reasons accommodated the said decision. The paper situates itself from the perspective of the experience of the ethical specialist. Premature birth and Virtue According to Stewart (2009), morals of uprightness or morals of character comprehensively advises the rightness or unsoundness regarding the demonstrations that an ethical operator embraces. It gives experiences on what to do when defied by different good circumstances. This methodology holds that the ethical qualities of an individual are shaped and prepared by the activities that the individual participates in or rehearses. Ethics characterize the ethical character of people and their activities, for example, premature birth have an orientation on the character of the operator. Morals of ex cellence controls a person in deciding the ethical quality of different activities that face the person. The methodology proposes living humanly thriving lives grounded on ethics. As La Follette (2002) notes, individuals’ sees on premature birth contrast forcefully inferable from a large group of shifting reasons. For example, prochoice advocates contend that premature birth gives the mother an opportunity rule on her life thus regarding her privileges. By the by, many view it as off-base essentially on the grounds that it repudiates their strict perspectives. As showed, the discussion on fetus removal isn't obvious as there are the individuals who believe that it is completely off-base. This is regardless of the individuals who contend that it is an ethical decision motivated by justifying conditions (Harman, 1999). In this discussion, excellence scholars harp on whether premature birth is an ethical activity or not, by putting together their contentions with respect to whet her it very well may be done uprightly, (for example, with sympathy). Correspondingly, they test on the off chance that it advances eudemonia (joy). Notwithstanding the opposition inside the discussion, the defense of fetus removal must be grounded on appropriate reasons that benefit the best choices to both the mother and the unborn. The consider of righteousness morals on fetus removal puts the mother’s character, enthusiastic connection to the youngster, wants, musings, and the social connections all things considered. The methodology offers adaptability by abstaining from being drenched in limits (Stephen, 2011). The premature birth choice and experience can be seen as both ethically reasonable just as ethically repulsive; fetus removal is both an ethical activity and an unethical one. This issue is disputable to the degree that contradiction on the equivalent is self-evident. This thus, invades predisposition dependent on the points of view that one takes on fetus remova l. Harris and Mills (1985) affirms that the ethical character and thinking that educates premature birth choice varies starting with one individual then onto the next. The thought process or expectation decides the ethical status of the demonstration and consequently ought to be exclusively in quest for a genuine useful for some instead of an individualized decent. Fetus removal clashes with moral temperances that numerous individuals respect and live for. To a huge degree, the reasons that numerous ladies give with regards to premature birth are not ethically adequate. The decision of fetus removal is regularly not admirable in light of the fact that the subjects are not by any means the only ones who endure yet additionally other people who are involved with the choice. In many situations, premature birth flourishes in poor connections and henceforth troublesome for bringing up a kid. Subsequently, the connections are not intended to be open to all obligations emerging from the as sociation. This in some part alludes to unreliability and deceptive nature with respect to the specialists. In different occasions, ladies who have had premature birth force instead of draw in their companions in the dynamic procedure. Now and again, the ladies who experience the system

Significant Moment

I moaned and reclined into my seat. It made a noisy clamor. I had recently been given as task where I expected to expound on an individual who had made an extraordinary impact in my life. As I sat quietly and tuned in my seat, my brain went dashing to the past, scanning for thoughts and uncovering valuable recollections. It had been a long time since I glanced back at those recollections however I despite everything recall them. Before the finish of class that day, I had just settled on whom to expound on. I recall that earth shattering time in my life like it was yesterday. Two years prior on a sweltering Wednesday evening on the period of August, as I was strolling home from school, I continued replaying the previous occasions of the day in my psyche. I was not having a decent day. That day during discourse class, I bombed my first oral introduction. I either couldn't quit stammering or talked amazingly quick. I was so anxious it felt as though my gut was going to turn itself back to front. Rather than attempting to complete my discourse, I returned to my seat and stuck my head to my work area for the remainder of the day. I was completely persuaded that I just couldn’t do it. It took me about in any event thirty minutes to return home. When I showed up, I was shrouded in sweat and in spite of my fatigue, I was additionally worrying about potential approaches to compensate for my last disappointment. I attempted to shake away the idea as I pushed open the front entryway. In a split second, I realized that my granddad was in the kitchen. The cool air that was being scattered by the roof fan was blended the sweet, mitigating fragrance of my grandfather’s home-made hotcakes and newly prepared espresso. As much as I needed a portion of those heavenly flapjacks, I needed more to simply secure myself my room and cover my head in my cushion. I endeavored to sneak through the lounge pass the kitchen and hurry to my room however he welcomed me with a voice so understanding that I ended up situated at the kitchen table without pondering it. After he had set the flapjacks on the table, he found a comfortable place to sit across me, plunked down and put his eyeglasses on. For a man of his age, he generally appeared to be more youthful than he truly is. He wore his standard attire, the caring he wears on hot days. His Hawaiian shirt would consistently have the initial three catches unfastened. Alongside that, he had on his preferred pair of white shorts. In some cases, I even marvel on the off chance that he had been a surfer. He took a taste from his espresso cup and returned to his riddle book. I exploited the quiet second to eat a couple of flapjacks. I loathed frustrating him so I chose not to enlighten him concerning discourse class. After I quickly stuffed myself with eight delectable flapjacks and two glasses of frosted tea, I stood up gradually putting forth an attempt to leave. Be that as it may, a solitary inquiry originated from him posing if something wasn't right made me need to disclose to him everything not on the grounds that I anticipated that him should reveal to me it was alright, but since I felt regretful not letting him know. His voice was additionally so encouraging that I realized that he would comprehend. I plunked down in the seat I sat in before with the goal that I confronted him. Subsequent to taking four profound, purging breaths and focused myself, I revealed to him everything. He was an extraordinary audience. Over the span of my clarification, he inevitably gestured and once in a while reacted with â€Å"I comprehend. After I had revealed to him everything, I held my breath and hung tight for his reaction. He hushed up for what appeared to be quite a while. My brow fired beading up with sweat. I was apprehensive he may chasten me for being anxious before a class of just fifteen understudies. I was likewise stressed over what he may state about my most recent â€Å"F† that I got due to my absence of trust in myself. I was very nearly alarm when he at long last talked. I was shocked when he giggled. He truly snickered as though I had made him an exceptionally entertaining quip. Rather than blowing up or disillusioned, he applauded me on the shoulder and grinned at me reassuringly. He held my hand and revealed to me that I helped him to remember himself when he was youthful. He experienced comparable circumstances. It was practically incomprehensible for me to accept that. In what capacity can he, the main speaker of the Federated States of Micronesia and the top leader of our congregation, who consistently contacted the hearts of numerous through basic words, have indistinguishable issues from I? He disclosed to me that each time he gave a discourse or a message, he was consistently anxious. He disclosed to me that regardless of how anxious he felt or the amount he accepted he couldn’t do it, he would consistently attempt once more. He gave it his everything. He continued doing it until he defeated his absence of certainty. Regardless of the amount he needed to surrender, he simply continued pushing until he had full confidence and trust in himself. Hearing this, particularly from him, whom I regard the most, I guaranteed myself that I will consistently be tireless in all that I do and attempt my best to increase self-assurance. His words inspired me and made me see that I previously had the tirelessness and the certainty that I required. I should have simply needed I could do it. Thinking back to that huge second in my life, I understood that without the support given to me by my granddad, I don't figure I would be as sure and as persevering as I am today. That day he had helped me become progressively determined and increasingly certain. That second will consistently be everlastingly marked into my recollections as one of the most valuable ones. Despite the fact that the time we spent talking was for a modest quantity of time, it had a major effect in my life. I am appreciative for having B****** H**** as my tutor and in particular, as my granddad.

Why Your SaaS Company Needs a Quarterly All Hands Meeting - Focus

Why Your SaaS Company Needs a Quarterly All Hands Meeting - Focus In your company’s growth journey, it’s important to take the time to assess its progress, mission, and direction. This should happen quarterly, as short-term goals can often become the focus of decision making and take away energy from your main objectives. On our team, we’ve found that a quarterly all hands meeting can keep your company focused on making meaningful, long-term progress. In this blog post, Ill share with you what weve found to work best. At Pusher, we run a quarterly three-day session with everyone in the company. The time spent together on evaluating our activities helps our team to grow and build a shared understanding of our mission. It pushes us to break down silos and structure our plans for improvement. As the CEO, this is one of the areas I most enjoy being involved in. As we all take the time to reflect on our progress, we can connect with each other and align our goals for the next quarter. Our all hands meetings have become a ritual for us and they’re part of our organizational heartbeat. I believe there are five reasons why any growing SaaS company needs to have a quarterly all hands meeting: 1. To Establish a Shared Mission One of the primary aims of a quarterly all hands meeting is to refocus and reinforce the company mission; in our case, to empower developers to build great software so they can change the world for billions of people. Various aspects of our mission are available on our website, on our wiki, and in our onboarding sessions. However, as the company scales and we’re hiring new people, its important that everyone knows the mission and hears about it from the executive team firsthand. By having a shared understanding of our goals, we can allow people to work autonomously by aligning their work with  our company values. We balance autonomy and accountability in our employees daily work by measuring our progress against our quarterly objectives and by  providing consistent feedback. When people find meaning in their work they also find a sense of ownership, according to HBR. Therefore, every quarterly all hands meeting is an opportunity to look into the future and position ourselves on our historical trajectory. Tactic 1: Make sure you focus on the company’s mission and values every quarter so that your employees are aligned with it. Productive Product Management Discover MeisterTask Its free! Discover MeisterTask 2. To Deconstruct Inefficiencies As well as building a shared model, we are also constantly trying to fight against inefficiency and lack of effectiveness. Weve found there are 3 main areas where inefficiency starts to creep in over time: People forget the mission (related to point one) or form their own ideas of the mission, extrapolating things that aren’t there. Processes get sloppier: by not doing things we should be doing, or by wasting time doing things we shouldn’t instead. For example, if our quarterly focus is exploring new customer pipelines, then we should be avoiding time spent on reiterating old marketing strategies. People lose energy: their morale falls or they question what others are doing. The quarterly all hands meeting is an opportunity to pick ourselves up on these points, through team retrospectives. Each quarterly all hands meeting at Pusher has a theme and this helps us actively review what we have achieved during each quarter. This includes assessing which strategies worked and where to go next. Although we hold separate sessions for each department, most discussions are cross-departmental as we solve current challenges and establish processes to address them. Tactic 2: Find a theme for each review meeting and make sure that there are focused cross-departmental activities that support it. 3. To Constantly Improve In addition to finding a common understanding of our goals and preventing bad habits from forming, the route to success is built on constant improvement of everything we’re doing. This means everything from product development  to making sure that we’re all aligned with our company values. Operational excellence doesnt spring from anywhere. We emphasize this through an anonymous internal survey, which we send at the end of each quarterly all hands meeting. In the survey, we ask for feedback on each session and we apply that learning to improve our processes. This helps us discover what we are doing well and how we need to  improve our company culture. It’s a process of acknowledging mistakes and being willing to make changes. Tactic 3: Seek feedback from your team on how to improve. 4. To Evaluate Your Activity In our quarterly all hands meeting, we aim to demonstrate our company’s values of trust and accountability by being transparent about its functioning. This is essential for creating a culture where SaaS companies can be successful, so our management team tries to be open about our organizational shortcomings, and our outputs. We also demonstrate accountability by reviewing our previous objectives and evaluating whether we’ve lived up to them. This can include reviewing our sales and marketing results, progress in product development, hiring stats and progress of our work in the diversity committee. We also make sure that everyone in the company receives an update on our financial situation. That’s why we view each quarterly all hands meeting as a link in a chain of constant improvement, rather than seeing it in isolation. Tactic 4: Review what went wrong in the last quarter to be open and transparent with your team. 5. To Break Down Silos The final reason for holding our quarterly get-together is about our people. For me, this is the most important point. As any organization gets larger it becomes harder to maintain good working relationships between colleagues and understand how they are contributing to its mission. While operating in departmental silos is often a necessary evil, as it reduces the amount of context employees need for their day-to-day work, it’s equally important to make sure that communication lines remain open. Smashing the silos is a good way to avoid a lack of information flow, enabling a more coordinated decision-making workflow. The central day of our quarterly all hands meeting is an opportunity for team members to work with colleagues they wouldn’t  normally interact with. It provides a chance to have fun, exchange ideas, and hopefully form links that strengthen our company network as a whole. For example, we make sure that our sales and marketing teams work together to map common projects for the upcoming quarter. These could mean creating commercial videos or case studies with our clients, optimizing our website, or making sure we test the right messages with the right stakeholders. Importantly, this day is also about having fun together. We always plan a social evening for the whole company and aim to let people get to know each other outside of our daily work. Tactic 5: Plan a social workshop in which the whole company can take part. This is an organic way to help break down silos in your company. Seeing the Bigger Picture A quarterly all hands meeting is a great opportunity to solidify your company’s culture. As your company grows, the quarterly review process will change to accommodate its needs. Ultimately, it’s all about employees understanding the direction of the company and how they fit into the bigger picture. I hope some of these tactics we use at Pusher will help you to think about how you can inspire your employees to feel connected to your company mission, and its overall growth trajectory, with a quarterly all hands meeting. Max Williams, Founder and CEO of  Pusher Product management, simplified Discover MeisterTask Its free! Discover MeisterTask Why Your SaaS Company Needs a Quarterly All Hands Meeting - Focus In your company’s growth journey, it’s important to take the time to assess its progress, mission, and direction. This should happen quarterly, as short-term goals can often become the focus of decision making and take away energy from your main objectives. On our team, we’ve found that a quarterly all hands meeting can keep your company focused on making meaningful, long-term progress. In this blog post, Ill share with you what weve found to work best. At Pusher, we run a quarterly three-day session with everyone in the company. The time spent together on evaluating our activities helps our team to grow and build a shared understanding of our mission. It pushes us to break down silos and structure our plans for improvement. As the CEO, this is one of the areas I most enjoy being involved in. As we all take the time to reflect on our progress, we can connect with each other and align our goals for the next quarter. Our all hands meetings have become a ritual for us and they’re part of our organizational heartbeat. I believe there are five reasons why any growing SaaS company needs to have a quarterly all hands meeting: 1. To Establish a Shared Mission One of the primary aims of a quarterly all hands meeting is to refocus and reinforce the company mission; in our case, to empower developers to build great software so they can change the world for billions of people. Various aspects of our mission are available on our website, on our wiki, and in our onboarding sessions. However, as the company scales and we’re hiring new people, its important that everyone knows the mission and hears about it from the executive team firsthand. By having a shared understanding of our goals, we can allow people to work autonomously by aligning their work with  our company values. We balance autonomy and accountability in our employees daily work by measuring our progress against our quarterly objectives and by  providing consistent feedback. When people find meaning in their work they also find a sense of ownership, according to HBR. Therefore, every quarterly all hands meeting is an opportunity to look into the future and position ourselves on our historical trajectory. Tactic 1: Make sure you focus on the company’s mission and values every quarter so that your employees are aligned with it. Productive Product Management Discover MeisterTask Its free! Discover MeisterTask 2. To Deconstruct Inefficiencies As well as building a shared model, we are also constantly trying to fight against inefficiency and lack of effectiveness. Weve found there are 3 main areas where inefficiency starts to creep in over time: People forget the mission (related to point one) or form their own ideas of the mission, extrapolating things that aren’t there. Processes get sloppier: by not doing things we should be doing, or by wasting time doing things we shouldn’t instead. For example, if our quarterly focus is exploring new customer pipelines, then we should be avoiding time spent on reiterating old marketing strategies. People lose energy: their morale falls or they question what others are doing. The quarterly all hands meeting is an opportunity to pick ourselves up on these points, through team retrospectives. Each quarterly all hands meeting at Pusher has a theme and this helps us actively review what we have achieved during each quarter. This includes assessing which strategies worked and where to go next. Although we hold separate sessions for each department, most discussions are cross-departmental as we solve current challenges and establish processes to address them. Tactic 2: Find a theme for each review meeting and make sure that there are focused cross-departmental activities that support it. 3. To Constantly Improve In addition to finding a common understanding of our goals and preventing bad habits from forming, the route to success is built on constant improvement of everything we’re doing. This means everything from product development  to making sure that we’re all aligned with our company values. Operational excellence doesnt spring from anywhere. We emphasize this through an anonymous internal survey, which we send at the end of each quarterly all hands meeting. In the survey, we ask for feedback on each session and we apply that learning to improve our processes. This helps us discover what we are doing well and how we need to  improve our company culture. It’s a process of acknowledging mistakes and being willing to make changes. Tactic 3: Seek feedback from your team on how to improve. 4. To Evaluate Your Activity In our quarterly all hands meeting, we aim to demonstrate our company’s values of trust and accountability by being transparent about its functioning. This is essential for creating a culture where SaaS companies can be successful, so our management team tries to be open about our organizational shortcomings, and our outputs. We also demonstrate accountability by reviewing our previous objectives and evaluating whether we’ve lived up to them. This can include reviewing our sales and marketing results, progress in product development, hiring stats and progress of our work in the diversity committee. We also make sure that everyone in the company receives an update on our financial situation. That’s why we view each quarterly all hands meeting as a link in a chain of constant improvement, rather than seeing it in isolation. Tactic 4: Review what went wrong in the last quarter to be open and transparent with your team. 5. To Break Down Silos The final reason for holding our quarterly get-together is about our people. For me, this is the most important point. As any organization gets larger it becomes harder to maintain good working relationships between colleagues and understand how they are contributing to its mission. While operating in departmental silos is often a necessary evil, as it reduces the amount of context employees need for their day-to-day work, it’s equally important to make sure that communication lines remain open. Smashing the silos is a good way to avoid a lack of information flow, enabling a more coordinated decision-making workflow. The central day of our quarterly all hands meeting is an opportunity for team members to work with colleagues they wouldn’t  normally interact with. It provides a chance to have fun, exchange ideas, and hopefully form links that strengthen our company network as a whole. For example, we make sure that our sales and marketing teams work together to map common projects for the upcoming quarter. These could mean creating commercial videos or case studies with our clients, optimizing our website, or making sure we test the right messages with the right stakeholders. Importantly, this day is also about having fun together. We always plan a social evening for the whole company and aim to let people get to know each other outside of our daily work. Tactic 5: Plan a social workshop in which the whole company can take part. This is an organic way to help break down silos in your company. Seeing the Bigger Picture A quarterly all hands meeting is a great opportunity to solidify your company’s culture. As your company grows, the quarterly review process will change to accommodate its needs. Ultimately, it’s all about employees understanding the direction of the company and how they fit into the bigger picture. I hope some of these tactics we use at Pusher will help you to think about how you can inspire your employees to feel connected to your company mission, and its overall growth trajectory, with a quarterly all hands meeting. Max Williams, Founder and CEO of  Pusher Product management, simplified Discover MeisterTask Its free! Discover MeisterTask

Failure Of Responsible Management Enron Corporation

Introduction This report is select to investigate an example, which failure of responsible management. The Enron Corporation is an example, because Enron event is the typical case for organization failure of responsible management In the end of 2001, Enron scandal has been disclosure, Enron stock prices slumped, and its financial tricks was exposed. The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) began survey of company s records. Enron’s auditor ‘Arthur Andersen ‘destroys relevant documents. (Ailon, G. 2011) Enron was bankruptcy in December 2001, and became the largest bankruptcy case in American history. It was a long-term influence on media and stock market that ‘shocked America’ (JE. Stiglitz, 2003). There are many cause lead Enron to fail, in this report only focus on responsible management part, which ethics and social corporate responsibility, leadership, planning, and organization culture. Enron would be read as the demise not just of one firm, but relate to entire economic model’ (Henwood. 2005, p. 33). The Enron case reflects many responsibility management issues; such as they are how to establish ethics standards, corporate social responsibility, and leadership fu nction for firm. From Enron case people should understand that leader to run an organization could not without responsibility management. This report will analyze what reason trigger Enron scandal happened. Any organization should constantly to check the internal responsible management system, and avoidShow MoreRelatedBusiness Failure Paper1045 Words   |  5 PagesRUNNING HEAD: Enron’s Failure Enron’s Failure Stacey A. Weinert University of Phoenix Abstract This paper will discuss the business failure of one of the largest energy companies in the world, Enron Corporation. I will discuss the leadership, management, and organizational structure of the company and how this failure could have been prevented. Company Overview Enron Corporation was an American energy company in downtown Houston, Texas. Enron employed more than 22,000 workers andRead MoreEnrons Business Failure Paper986 Words   |  4 PagesEnron Business Failure Paper Abstract The following paper will explain the reason of why Enron as a company failed. It will compare and contrast the contributions of leadership, management and organizational structures to the failure. Enron, was the worlds top electrical, communications, pulp and paper, and natural gas company. Unfortunately, in late 2001 the company started to unravel. Enron was on the brink of bankruptcy and even an attempt to be bought out by a smaller company calledRead MoreReasons for Enrons Business Failure1434 Words   |  6 PagesEnron - Reasons for Business Failure Abstract Various major companies in the past have witnessed unimaginable growth of their businesses, but some of them eventually had to succumb to downfall as their business models failed. Most of these businesses had been deemed as failures due to the management methods, leadership practices and flawed organizational structures. This research paper aims to focus on Enron, a large entity as a failed model of business. This would be achieved by discussing aboutRead MoreUniversity of Phoenix Organizational Culture1133 Words   |  5 Pagessuccess or failure of organizations, as is evident in contemporary society. Although organizations differ in strength of culture and those with strong, positive cultures tend to be the most efficient and productive, strong cultures can also become negative and powerfully influence an organization in a negative way. Such is the case with the Enron Corporation, a once massive energy company that suffered arguably the most horrific financial collapse in American history. The Enron failure began withRead MoreThe Collapse Of Enron Corporation1547 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Enron Corporation and how the collapse of Enron Corporation consequence affected the United states financial market. Enron Corporation was the seventh largest company in the United States, and had the biggest audit failure. In this Research paper, it describes the reason of Enron Corporation collapse, including details of the internal/ external management, accounting fraud, and conflict of interest. Enron is the largest bankruptcy in America history! The Collapse of Enron Corporation andRead MoreAffirmative Adaptation And Modernize Resulting From The Scandal1493 Words   |  6 PagesAffirmative Adaptation and modernize resulting from the scandal In today’s society the desolation of Enron has been one of the greatest disasters to hit a major United States corporation, nevertheless the actions of this deception let to Varity major future benefits. 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Both the firms are demised due to the ethical lapses. These ethical lapses come into existence when managements of the firm, uses unethical practices to accomplish the goals of the firm. Maintaining financial and accounting standards in the business practices are necessary. The profession of accounting has become a mockery due to the accounting scandals that took place all over the world in theRead MoreEvents Leading Up to the The Sarbanes-Oxley Act Essay examples1203 Words   |  5 Pagesaccounting scandals including those affecting Enron, Tyco internationals, Adelphia, Peregrine Systems, and WorldCom. The Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) adopted many rules in order to implement the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The Enron Scandal escalated distrust amongst the shareholders, employees and government agencies. Thus, as a result the Sarbanes-Oxley Act was passed to protect the interest of all affecting parties. The Act is nearly a mirror image of Enron: the companys perceived corporate governanceRead MoreAgency Theory : Relationship Between Agents And The Business Essay1550 Words   |  7 Pageslevels of risk. Enron, was the world’s largest energy company in 2001. Enron forerunner, Northern Gas Company was incorporated in Delaware on April 25, 1930. From this date through July 1985, Enron had hundreds of purchases and new sub-entity constructions when they acquired Houston Natural Gas Inc. (Kastantin, 2005). On April 10, 1986, the company changed its name to Enron Corporation. Enron was an interstate and intrastate natural gas pipeline company, then later in 1989 Enron started trading natural

The Administrative Principles of Management - 1732 Words

The administrative principles of management, created in the early 20th century by French industrialist Henri Fayol, changed the way that many view management. Fayol’s principles focused mainly on the management teams of businesses and helped establish a top to bottom hierarchal system to produce a more structured organization (Brunsson, 2008; Yoo, Lemak, Choi, 2008; Fells, 2000). This essay will focus on four of the 14 key principles of administrative theory – unity of command, subordination of individual interest for the interest of the organization, esprit de corp. and remuneration – and analyze how they have been applied in a leading New Zealand company, Pumpkin Patch Limited (Ltd.) (Samson Daft, 2009, p.64; Wren, Bedian, †¦show more content†¦Although it has been adapted from Fayol’s original idea, subordination of individual interest of general interest, it is still present in Pumpkin Patch Ltd. In a company that is downsizing, and even when it is not, Esprit de Corp is a principle that plays a major factor in contemporary organizations today. Esprit de Corp is when a business creates, and maintains, employee harmony, unity and morale (Fells, 2000; Rodrigues, 2001). This allows for a happy working environment, and a happy employee means that they are more likely to achieve productivity and efficiency outcomes. Pumpkin Patch Ltd. has adapted this to fit their family environment that they feel the company has (Pumpkin Patch Limited, n.d.). The company believes in a balance between work, leisure and flexibility as well as providing an in-house kindergarten for employees’ children (Pumpkin Patch Limited, n.d). This, although fairly minor, is a prime example of how contemporary businesses have adapted one of the founding principles of management and adapted it to fit their organization. As well as this Pumpkin Patch have organized their business into teams such as the information technology (IT) team and the design team who are an integral part of the organization in helping attain their goals and aims ( Brookes, et al., 2008). As Pumpkin Patch has consistently produced profits, apart from theShow MoreRelated5 Principles of Management by Henri Fayol Apllied in Maxis Communications Berhad’s General Administrative Management1522 Words   |  7 Pages1. Division Of Labor †¢ This principle of management simply means specialization increases output by making employees more efficient. †¢ Maxis Communications certainly practices this principle of management as its employees are divided into departments that match their capabilities and expertise in order to produce the most efficient and effective services and products. †¢ It is important that people who have a special talent or ability be placed at the correct department in order to maximize thatRead MoreThe Classical Theory Of Management Theory1588 Words   |  7 PagesClassical Management theory entered the business world in the early nineteenth century, with a goal on increasing worker productivity. Developed by Frederick Taylor, the classical theory of management advocated a scientific study of jobs and the workers in charge for them. It was the foundation of modern management theories and it aimed to improve operations within an organization. (Robbins Cutler, 2014). The Classical Management Theory was broken into three categories: Scientific Management, whichRead More4 Classical Business Practices That Are Still Evident in Todays Business1647 Words   |  7 PagesThe classical management approach to control is still evident in management and accounting thinking today. Administrative managerial tactics and bureaucratic theory are branc hes of classical management and this essay focuses on how these theories are still used in contemporary business practices. Control is defined as â€Å"the power to influence or direct people s behaviour† (Oxford Dictionaries, 2011) and is the driving force for which the administrative principles were procured. There are fourteenRead MoreClassical Management Theory And The Classical Theory1503 Words   |  7 PagesClassical Management Theory entered the business world in the early nineteenth century, with an emphasis on increasing worker productivity. Developed by Frederick Taylor, the classical theory of management advocated a scientific study of tasks and the workers responsible for them. It was the foundation of many modern management theories and it aimed to improve operations within an organization. The Classical Management Theory was broken into three schools of thinking: Scientific management, which lookedRead More Two Perspectives of Organization Theory1705 Words   |  7 Pagesperspective on organizations. Gulick’s work on organization theory belongs to the administrative management school of thought. Administrative management is concerned with identifying fundamental functions performed by managers and broad principles that guide the management of organizations. Henri Fayol, one of the most important contributors to this perspective, identified five functions and fourteen principles of management. In 1937, Gulick published â€Å"Notes on the Theory of Organization†, a memorandumRead MoreThe Theories Of The Scientific Management Theory1047 Words   |  5 PagesManagement, as defined by Richard Wilson, is the body of thought that seeks to explain and improve the administrative control of businesses and their employees (2016). In this paper we will discuss some of the more popular management theories including the Scientific Management Theory by Frederick W. Taylor, Administrative Management Theory by Henri Fayol, Bureaucratic M anagement Theory by Max Weber, The Hawthorne Studies Human Relations Management Theory by Elton Mayo, the Management Science TheoryRead MoreTheories Of The Administrative Management Theory958 Words   |  4 PagesAccording tot the Administrative Management Theory, management is the process of getting certain tasks completed through the use of people. In this theory developed by Henri Fayol, he believes that it was very important to have the use of a multiplied of people instead of just relying on one person alone. Henri Fayol is known today as the â€Å"Father of Modern Management†, his theory has shaped what is know today as the Administrative Model, which relies on Fayols fourteen principles of management. These principlesRead MoreTheoretical Perspective And Key Concepts1657 Words   |  7 Pagescontribute to the organizational theory include scientific management, bureaucracy, and the administrative theory of management. Between the early 1900’s to 1930’s, the theory the first field in the classical organizational theory known as the scientific management developed by pioneer Frederick Taylor. The scientific management theory, also known as Taylorism, includes four principles. Kirst-Asman reviews the first of the four principles as it includes â€Å"jobs and task should be studied scientificallyRead MoreClassical Management Theorists1342 Words   |  6 Pagesclassical management movement. The classical approach was the framework to what management is all about. Therefore it can be said that they laid the foundation for many theorists. Frederick Taylor was an important theorist of the early 20th century and he made many important contributions to management. He proposed the principles of scientific management which he believed would improve industrial efficiency. He believed management could be formulated as a discipline. Taylor’s principles of scientificRead MoreManagement Foundations Essay1635 Words   |  7 PagesManageme nt Foundations Esay The classical management perspective represents the first well-developed framework of management (Davidson. P. et al, 2000). It’s the framework from which later theories evolved and concerns efficiency and productivity, which in turn leads to effective and efficient management. Scientific management and the Administrative theory are both classical management theories, which provide information on managing in the workplace, which are very useful and vital to have in

Cause and Effect - Teenage Employment - 1498 Words

Recession : Teenage Employment In recent years, the economic recession has taken a toll in our economy affecting both rich and poor families. High School students are having a difficult time finding a job as well. The oil prices are skyrocketing, home sales plummeting, retail stores falling, driving more teenagers than usual to look for employment. In the past, teenagers had a choice to work part-time or enjoying leisure time while receiving weekly allowances. Since most parents either lost their jobs or received pay-cuts from employers, their teen children are affected as well. In order to recover the necessities they once had, they must find a job. â€Å"It is impossible to quantify how many affluent parents have trimmed allowances in†¦show more content†¦Sumit Pal, 17, a senior said his parents cut his $5 weekly allowance and doesn’t mind losing his allowance either as it will contribute towards other things, like groceries†(Foderaro 978). Once summer arriv es, teens will wonder what to do with their time. Are they going to bypass the benefits of employment, or having an interest in finding a part/full time position? Anyone who has the ability to do so in such a difficult economy would be irrational not to do so. The experience and earnings as a young employee will contribute to their future even if it is not that evident right away. It is important for teens to be employed to understand the concept of job responsibilities. â€Å"Dress codes, rules, punctuality, and being teachable is enrichment in itself, Mrs. Neiser said. You’re contributing to the economy, your contributing to your personal economy and picking up skill sets and habits that will prepare you for full-time employment† (979 Foderaro). It is never too early or too late to start establishing a job resume. This is foremast true for employers hiring them for the first time and starting to have the urge for money in their pockets at sixteen years old. A summer job will help teens stay out of trouble and become productive at the same time. Playing video games and waking up late may be fun for most, but it’s not a great idea to spend the entire summer, especially during the economic recession. By seeking employment, a teen will soon understandShow MoreRelatedTeenage Pregnancy Essay1238 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"A baby with a baby?† That is what most people say, or think, when they hear about the pregnancy of an adolescent girl. Early pregnancy, commonly referred to as teenage pregnancy, is an ongoing crisis throughout the world. However, the United States has the highest rates of teen pregnancy in the world. Since its peak in 1990, teen pregnancy rates have declined by half, but they are still fairly high. According to the National Campaign to Prevent Teen and Unplanned Pregnancy, â€Å"roughly one in fourRead MoreTeenage Pregnancy : A Social Issue1551 Words   |  7 PagesTeenage pregnancy rates have been declining in t he United States, but when compared to pregnancy rates in other industrial countries such as Canada and the United Kingdom they are still relatively high. (Office of Adolescent Health, 2016). Teenage pregnancy is defined by UNICEF, as an adolescent between the ages of thirteen to nineteen becoming pregnant. (UNICEF Malaysia Communications). Teenage pregnancy is viewed as a social issue because of the way it affects a country’s economy, the mother andRead MoreTeenage Pregnancy Is A Public Health Issue1637 Words   |  7 PagesTeenage birth rates, defined as live births per one thousand 15-19-year-old US females, declined by 10% from 2012 to 2013 from 29.4 to 26.5. In fact, the birth rate has been on a steady decline over the past 20 years, from 61.8 in 1991 to 26.5 in 2013. Teenage pregnancy represents both a health and social inequality in our society. Specifically, teenage childbearing is a public health issue because teenage mothers are more likely to experience negative social outcomes such as dropping out of schoolRead MoreTeen Pregnancy Essay1121 Words   |  5 Pagesparents who have teenagers is pregnancy. Nowadays, teen pregnancy is a serious problem. Teenage have a lack of skills to handle a pregnancy. So that impact strongly on the future of a young woman. Teen pregnancy is associated with negative consequences for adolescents for three reasons: lack of education, medical complication, uncertainty about the future, and financial difficulties. First, the main causes of teenage pregnancy are the lack of education on safe sex, whether it is from parents, schoolsRead MoreA New Zealand Health Issue : Teen Pregnancies1404 Words   |  6 Pageswell-being of groups or populations in a way that causes (public) concern. In this report I will be discussing why teenage pregnancy is a health issue in New Zealand and how it links to all the determinants of health which are influenced from teen pregnancy and parenthood. I am going to be discussing three determinants of health, these being; cultural, economic and social determinants of health. I will also be including implications and strategies related to teenage pregnancy and motherhood. We can see thatRead MoreHealth Education Reduction Of Teenage Pregnancy1647 Words   |  7 PagesHEALTH EDUCATION REDUCTION OF TEENAGE PREGNANCY IN THE UNITED KINGDOM (2010-2015) Introduction Teenage pregnancy (known as under-18 conception) negatively affects the health and wellbeing of both the young mothers and their children. Early parenthood is prone to the risk of postnatal depression, poor health (including mental health), social exclusion and by the age of thirty (30) there are more likely to live in poverty, have limited education, career and economic prospect. There is high risk ofRead MoreThe Problem Of Teenage Pregnancy1720 Words   |  7 Pages Like Amy and Loeber (2009), when it comes to the ecological paradigm of teenage pregnancy, Corcoran, Franklin, and Bennett (2000) also believe one’s socioeconomic status is a huge factor that contributes to this problem. A person’s socioeconomic status a lot of times determines â€Å"education, expanded family size, single-parent household structure, and lessened resources in terms of employment and income.† These three authors claim that educational performance and goals â€Å"dictate the potential costsRead MoreSocietal Norms Of Teenage Pregnancy1480 Words   |  6 Pagesno types of contraception used. According to Mollborn (2017), it is found that 1 in 7 of these teenage girls become mothers. Teenage pregnancy has many negative lifelong implications. When a teenager becomes pregnant they are forced to make some very tough choices, and no matter which decision they make about the outcome of their pregnancy, their life will be changed forever. There is a do mino effect that takes place when a teen becomes pregnant. The father of the baby, the parents and familiesRead MorePersuasive Speech Outline For Non Rising Of Minimum Wage Essay1228 Words   |  5 PagesCalifornia should not increase, but first, let me inform you of the effects of increasing the minimum wage, next, let me explain the causes, and finally, let me offer several solutions to solve these issues. Body I. First main point: First, let me inform you on the effects of increasing the minimum wage. The minimum wage is the lowest wage that is permitted by law or by special agreement. A. Subpoint: One of the main effects of increasing the minimum wage is that it would result in job loss.Read MoreMinimum Wage, And Unemployment1673 Words   |  7 Pageslower-skilled workers in a negative way. According to conventional economic analysis, employment levels for lower-income workers in jobs such as fast food, or any job that pays minimum wage, have steadily decreased with the rises in the wage (â€Å"Effects of Raising†). While it will negatively affect the lower-income workers, the other half of Americans who work for higher wages and are not in poverty, will have increased incomes (â€Å"Effects of Raising†). Raising the wage will not produce the desired outcome and will

Society’s Effect on Women Exploring Works by Kate Chopin Essay Example For Students

Society’s Effect on Women: Exploring Works by Kate Chopin Essay Kate Chopin, an American author, is known for her feminist theme of writing in her novels and short stories. Chopin wrote her many of her stories around a time when society was very obstructive about the view of women and their place in society, a time when women who did not have their own voices were merely servants to their husbands. In the stories â€Å"The Story of an Hour,† â€Å"The Storm,† and â€Å"Desiree’s Baby,† Chopin portrays oppression of women and shows the affect the condition of the society had on women and how they saw life and marriage. â€Å"Story of an Hour† is a short story about a young woman, Louise Mallard, whose husband had just died. Because of her heart trouble she has to be told of his death extremely carefully. Her sister is the one who breaks the news to her. At this point Louise begins to repeat the word â€Å"free† over and over again. After a while her sister comes to her door begging her to come out and to cheer up. Louise immediately tells her to go about and continues to fantasize about her free days ahead. When she finally opens the door to go downstairs and join her sister and her friend the door suddenly opens and Louies’ husband Brently walks in. Doctors arrive later and pronounce Louise had died of a heart attack that must have been brought on by happiness. In the â€Å"Story of an Hour† Chopin writes about a women’s desire for freedom and self-identity from the imprisonment she is undergoing in her married life. Louise suffers from a heart problem and in a way this exemplifies how she is an oppressed women in her marriage. Unlike most women Louises’ heart is not in her marriage. Her view of marriage is simply a weight that has been holding her down. She is not at all satisfied with the requirements and bondage that comes along with being a wife. She feels if she was not married she would be able to live out every one of her hearts desires. Therefore when she learns of her husband’s death she believes all chains have been broken and she is now free of her vows of marriage and can finally live her life however she feels. Chopin go on to mention things and small details like â€Å"the patches of blue sky through the clouds,† and the beginning of spring to show just how aware Louise was about the true nature of her newfound freedom. She will now be able to go out live out her dreams and establish herself, and will no longer be bound to a man or a household. In this story Chopin showed how marriage acts merely as a border between women and their wants and desires. The expectations society has for women and their duties and roles they should play as wives tend to cause to oppression and suppression for their desire of self-identity. â€Å"The Storm† is about a woman named Calixta who is left at home while her son Bibi and his father Bobinot went out to the local store. With a big storm approaching Bibi and Bobinot decide it would be better to wait out the storm at the store but are extremely worried about Calixta who will have to endure the storm alone. While at home Calixta learns of the approaching storm. Alcee, Calixta’s ex boyfriends just happens to be passing by her home and gets stuck in her home with him until the storm eases. At first Calixta becomes more and more worried about her family stuck at the store, however after a while she and Alcee begin to reminisce about pass encounters and before she knows they are passionately kissing. Neither of them is aware of the growing storm as they are entangled in their own sexual relations. Once the storm is over Alcee leave and Calixta’s family returns and never find about his being there. In â€Å"The Storm† Kate focuses on the issue of a woman’s love and desires. .ua91199a240313e80e49497a2233c3ea2 , .ua91199a240313e80e49497a2233c3ea2 .postImageUrl , .ua91199a240313e80e49497a2233c3ea2 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua91199a240313e80e49497a2233c3ea2 , .ua91199a240313e80e49497a2233c3ea2:hover , .ua91199a240313e80e49497a2233c3ea2:visited , .ua91199a240313e80e49497a2233c3ea2:active { border:0!important; } .ua91199a240313e80e49497a2233c3ea2 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua91199a240313e80e49497a2233c3ea2 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua91199a240313e80e49497a2233c3ea2:active , .ua91199a240313e80e49497a2233c3ea2:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua91199a240313e80e49497a2233c3ea2 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua91199a240313e80e49497a2233c3ea2 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua91199a240313e80e49497a2233c3ea2 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua91199a240313e80e49497a2233c3ea2 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua91199a240313e80e49497a2233c3ea2:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua91199a240313e80e49497a2233c3ea2 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua91199a240313e80e49497a2233c3ea2 .ua91199a240313e80e49497a2233c3ea2-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua91199a240313e80e49497a2233c3ea2:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Epilepsy Oral EssayThe storm (or cyclone) in this story, is most likely figuratively referring to Calixta’s inhibited sexual and passionate desires being confined by her marriage. Robert Wilson of The University of British Columbia, suggests that Chopin’s title refers to nature, which is symbolically feminine; the storm can therefore be seen as symbolic of feminine sexuality and passion, and the image of the storm will be returned to again and again throughout the story. † Chopin portrays Calixta as a young but very zealous woman, who is always engulfed in her motherly and wife duties of housework. For this she is rather ignorant of the stormy passion she occupies. As the story unfolds Calixta’s family is held at the general story until the storm passes which allows her to be caught up in a very spontaneous but rich affair with Alcee, and old friend. Chopin uses descriptions of the storm to highlight the obvious sexual tension between Alcee and Calixta. Her mixed and confused emotions about the situation are shown through Chopin’s description of the unsettling storm. Her body is rather excited whereas she has some fears about her social limitations that do not allow her to feel as she would normally had she not been married. The storm is used in such and ironic way in this story. After the sexual encounter of the two the storm slowly disappears. Now they must face the aftermath of the affair, however instead of regretting the encounter they are rather happy. In the final line of the story Chopin writes, So the storm passed and everyone was happy The encounter they had acts as a storm that comes in and diminishes all the obstructions they had been experiencing in their different marriages and restores their individual lives with happiness and joy. Chopin used this story to portray the guidelines society imposes on women that leads them to become blind of their own nature. Through this story Chopin was able to represent the sexual reservations of this time period, and she seemed to be extremely in touch with her sexuality. In addition to making her own thoughts about sexuality she makes a personal statement about her feelings on the sexual background of the time. In â€Å"Desiree’s baby† Desieree, is the adopted daughter of the wealthy couple Monsieur and Madame Valmonde. Desieree meets Armand, the son of another wealthy, well known and well respected Creole family. They are married and appear to be very loyal to each other and eventually conceive a child. Once the child is born everyone seems to sense something is not right about the child. They realize the baby’s skin is the same as a biracial slave; hence the baby is not fully white. Since Desiree’s history is unknown Armand automatically believes she is partially black. He begins to scorn her for this and is no longer in love with Desiree so Madame Valmonde suggests that she and the baby return home and Armand agrees. After Desiree had disappeared off into the bayou never to return again Armand proceeds to burn all of her belongings and happens over a letter that his mother had wrote to his father revealing that it is him who is in fact partially black. In â€Å"Desiree’s Baby,† the protagonist, Desiree is greatly affected by the prejudices against race and class. In this story Chopin shows how Desiree has no aspirations to have her own identity. Unlike Louis in â€Å"The Story of an Hour† her heart is fully in her husband and she enjoys her life, being a ood wife and servant to her husband is all she desires. Desiree depends solely on her husband all of her thoughts, and feelings are closely in association with his. Chopin describes her living a life â€Å"almost miserable enough to die† This story is set in a community where people are looked down on for dating outside of their races. After giving birth to a mixed baby, her husband Armad is extremely angry and shuns h er and his child simply because the baby is not fully white. .ue77d523e72249d51682d4de76d3d220b , .ue77d523e72249d51682d4de76d3d220b .postImageUrl , .ue77d523e72249d51682d4de76d3d220b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue77d523e72249d51682d4de76d3d220b , .ue77d523e72249d51682d4de76d3d220b:hover , .ue77d523e72249d51682d4de76d3d220b:visited , .ue77d523e72249d51682d4de76d3d220b:active { border:0!important; } .ue77d523e72249d51682d4de76d3d220b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue77d523e72249d51682d4de76d3d220b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue77d523e72249d51682d4de76d3d220b:active , .ue77d523e72249d51682d4de76d3d220b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue77d523e72249d51682d4de76d3d220b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue77d523e72249d51682d4de76d3d220b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue77d523e72249d51682d4de76d3d220b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue77d523e72249d51682d4de76d3d220b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue77d523e72249d51682d4de76d3d220b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue77d523e72249d51682d4de76d3d220b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue77d523e72249d51682d4de76d3d220b .ue77d523e72249d51682d4de76d3d220b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue77d523e72249d51682d4de76d3d220b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Freedman's Bureau EssayDesiree is accused of being of a mixed race, and since she was found as a child by her family she has no way of assuring that she was not indeed mixed and no choice but to accept that she may be. She is extremely distraught when Armad tells her that she and their child must leave the home. However she leaves as commanded and never turns back though she does not know what she will do now that she does not have her husband as her backbone. At first Desiree comes off as rather weak and powerless , however after a close examination of the story we learn she truly does have power. She not only challenged the notions of class, but race and gender as well all while thriving in a society where all three had strictly governed. Chopin shows through this story the how dependent women can be on their husbands, and how sometimes they tend to lose their self and freedom. Living in a day and time when women are seen to be only daughters, mothers, or wives, with no power ultimately it’s their husbands who make decisions for them. Armand prevails over Desiree, which exemplifies just how men were dominant over women. Being that she is practically his slave, there to provide his every need he does not notice how compliant she truly is and how much she loves him. Scholars and critics have written so much about Chopin’s subjects and themes and take so many different approaches. Many of them focus on the themes of women’s search for self discovery and identity, some on women’s revolt against compliance against gender and social norms that once limited women’s possibilities in life and others write about understanding the feminine sexuality and women’s experiences during the entire process of motherhood (Koloski). In the stories mentioned above Chopin represented women in different aspects as she unfolded their suppressed wants and desires. Through her different writings she does not only limit herself to the situations women had to endure but also she was capable of expressing her individual thoughts on life and marriage.

Thought Leadership

THOUGHT LEADERSHIP In today’s rapidly moving day and age, business arenas change and evolve all the time. And with all of those transformations and progressions come the want and need for the exchange of ideas, concepts and solutions. The oil and gas industry is no exception. That’s why many companies are incorporating, thought leadership into their business practices. They engage a targeted executive audience with compelling findings dispensed through articles, newsletters, publications and digital media. Thought leadership revolves around establishing and maintaining a commanding voice about topics of relevance and concern to your target audience. It’s about providing answers to their biggest questions; it’s about addressing the newest hot topics in and offering reliable information—and, perhaps, your own perspective—about those issues. The ultimate goal of employing thought leadership is to establish your company as a leading authority in the world. It’s also a useful way to jump-start relationships where none existed, while enhancing relationships that already exist. â€Å"Our hope is that whoever comes across one of our articles or blog posts will find some value in it,† explains Amal Abdallah, a social media and marketing coordinator for Clover Global Solutions, a Houston-based staffing agency for the industry. â€Å"We offer people a new perspective on something, especially if they’re not very familiar with that topic; the written piece sparks interest in the subject and lets people learn more about it.† Clover’s questions at the end of its blog posts engage readers and spur thought leadership. A recent piece about competence assurance evoked quite a few responses. â€Å"It’s a way educate, inform, promote discussion and encourage people to think outside the box,† says Abdallah. â€Å"And we’ve been getting some really good responses from people who agree that it’s very important. They then offer their opinions on different types of disciplines within the industry.† Practicing and disseminating thought leadership has numerous benefits. Besides educating readers about OG, companies also use it to start new relationships, strengthen existing affiliations, build brand familiarity and form brand loyalty. Thought leadership content also gives companies exposure in their lines of work; it places them in the forefront of—and in a position of authority about—the current conversations and issues in their businesses. Thought leadership can come from any source: executives, customers, product managers, designers, customer service reps and sales people. Each employee has a unique point of view, as well as valuable knowledge and experience. AECOM recently tackled the issue of how people with creative minds and spirits can positively influence sustainable communities associated with extraction projects around the world. Paul Fennelly, senior vice president of business development for AECOM Environment business line, was invited by New York’s Storefront for Art and Architecture to participate in a panel discussion called Environments of Extraction. Fennelly developed a theme around the concept that most oil gas exploration and production projects have a finite lifetime of 25 years, and one can think of them as having a discrete beginning, middle and end. Fennelly’s contributions to the panel resulted in some lively discussion about the future of fossil fuels and how the audience can learn more about sustainability issues surrounding large scale extraction. Cardno, which has been providing services to clients ranging from global corporations to local specialized companies for more than 30 years, recently answered some of these questions regarding Australia: What’s the economic outlook for the industry in Australia, and what opportunities are there for growth?; Do you foresee continued growing demand for across international markets?; and, What are the top environmental concerns relating to the industry, and how can they be addressed? Cardno experts Paul Webber (sector leader – Energy, Australia and New Zealand) and Anthony Lane (senior principal – Cardno Lane Piper) provided some valuable insights into this escalating sector. And BP has addressed the topics of personal health and safety, readiness in case of an oil spill, sharing and embedding lessons learned from major accidents and managing the impact on protected wildlife â€Å"Our thought leadership topics go with what the trends of the industry are,† says Clover Global Solutions’ Abdallah. â€Å"For example, if somebody is looking for a position in oil and gas, we address the best city to live if you want to work in that field and where the hot spots for oil in America are. In another example, we had a blog post that talked about some of the steps you can take if your company is being acquired by another and you might be losing your job.† Clover believes that people seek out thought leadership because OG is an incredibly dynamic industry that requires you to stay not only with game but also ahead of the game. Abdallah sums up the role that thought leadership plays in her company’s 2014 plans: â€Å"We want our end result to be to find somebody who may be interested in working for Clover or who is interested in acquiring Clover as a client. Ultimately, though, we want to be sure that we can always offer intuitive and informative and educational blog articles as thought leadership so that we keep that level of integrity and professionalism.† A PRIMER Thought Leadership 101 Writing a compelling thought leadership piece begins with the development of a topic. But if that first step seems like a big leap, take heart: Here’s some advice to clear the way and help you create a topic that will resonate with your readers. Thought leadership is an entry point to a relationship. A successful thought leadership article will intrigue, challenge, and inspire even people who are familiar with a company. It will help start a relationship where none exists and enhance existing relationships. Being an expert on something doesn’t automatically make you a thought leader. Thought leaders have a knack for sharing knowledge. Thought leadership requires an immediate information outlet, such as a blog, that allows you to comment quickly on news and changing circumstances in your field. Your thought leadership article should deliver answers to the biggest questions on the minds of your audience. Remember: The audience determines what the questions are. Keep the â€Å"I† out of your article as much as possible and focus on â€Å"You.† How do you know what’s on your audience’s mind? Ask! If possible, query your readers directly. But if that’s not possible, you can follow the example of an international oilfield services company that is embarking on a thought leadership campaign. They surveyed key managers who are close to customers to get a sense of what the customers are thinking. Some of the questions the company asked its managers were: What are the most pressing concerns of the oil and gas operators you talk to? What do they want to do better/smarter/more profitably? What have they been surprised to find out? What areas do they wish they knew more about or felt more competent about? What are the questions they ask you? What have you been asked to consult with operators about? Before you put pen to paper or fingers to keyboard, ask yourself if the topic you’re considering: addresses a timely issue offers new insight identifies an issue that readers might not even know about is interesting, provocative, or even counter intuitive Your thought leadership article should be educational, but it’s OK to also be entertaining. In fact, nothing turns most readers off faster than a dry, rote lecture. Include stories and examples that bring the topic to life. Include facts from credible, unbiased sources. Tell readers what to do. Seriously. Provide a practical, achievable call to action.

Free Essays on Richard Henry Lee

of his, full of virtue and passion, the colonies were on their way to declaring independence from Britain and becoming the United States of America. In the years leading up to and following the Declaration of Independence, Richard Henry Lee fought for the liberty of all Americans, bringing unity and morality to the colonies while working to define the United States. For his consistent contributions and influences in a variety of different areas, Richard Henry Lee was the individual most responsible for the American Revolution. Richard Henry Lee’s devotion to the American cause, which he believed to be built on virtue above all else, was the basis for his notably early and active response to Britain’s revised imperial policies on the colonies. To Lee, the asset that defined America was self-sacrifice for the better of all society. This idea became Lee’s motivation and, already in a political position in the House of Burgesses by the time the Revolution had begun, led him to take a firm stand against the Acts passed by Parliament. In 1764, â€Å"Lee confessed himself so warmed by Britain’s plan to impose a stamp tax that he could hardly contain his rage.† (Maier, 179) He believed that Britain was violating their rights as well as the English Constitution by refusing Americans the right to be governed by their own laws, and taxing without their consent. Long before any major Patriot uprisings developed, Richard Henry Lee had his foot in the door, willing to do whatever it was going to take to restore reason and justice between Britain and the colonies. Furthermore, Lee’s public actions in defying Britain’s restrictions on the colonies helped to serve as inspiration for other Americans to protest as well... Free Essays on Richard Henry Lee Free Essays on Richard Henry Lee One of the great American revolutionaries once proclaimed, â€Å"These United Colonies are, and of right ought to be free and independent States.† That man was Richard Henry Lee of Virginia. With these lasting words of his, full of virtue and passion, the colonies were on their way to declaring independence from Britain and becoming the United States of America. In the years leading up to and following the Declaration of Independence, Richard Henry Lee fought for the liberty of all Americans, bringing unity and morality to the colonies while working to define the United States. For his consistent contributions and influences in a variety of different areas, Richard Henry Lee was the individual most responsible for the American Revolution. Richard Henry Lee’s devotion to the American cause, which he believed to be built on virtue above all else, was the basis for his notably early and active response to Britain’s revised imperial policies on the colonies. To Lee, the asset that defined America was self-sacrifice for the better of all society. This idea became Lee’s motivation and, already in a political position in the House of Burgesses by the time the Revolution had begun, led him to take a firm stand against the Acts passed by Parliament. In 1764, â€Å"Lee confessed himself so warmed by Britain’s plan to impose a stamp tax that he could hardly contain his rage.† (Maier, 179) He believed that Britain was violating their rights as well as the English Constitution by refusing Americans the right to be governed by their own laws, and taxing without their consent. Long before any major Patriot uprisings developed, Richard Henry Lee had his foot in the door, willing to do whatever it was going to take to restore reason and justice between Britain and the colonies. Furthermore, Lee’s public actions in defying Britain’s restrictions on the colonies helped to serve as inspiration for other Americans to protest as well...

PRICE, CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOR AND MARKETING ACTIVITIES Essay

PRICE, CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOR AND MARKETING ACTIVITIES - Essay Example Pricing behaviors used to advertise goods and services to consumers such as twenty thousand pounds for a Ferrari, are common in contemporary society, showing that they are advantageous for businesses (Baines et al. 2011). Further, price consultants have emerged to provide advice to business people on how to price their goods because of existence of a strong relationship among price, consumer buying behavior, and marketing strategies. It is significant for businesses to determine which pricing behaviors will harness more consumers. Buying behavior is an act where people make decisions whether to buy a certain product or not. Consumer buying behavior is the buying behavior of the final consumer product. Consumers tend to show distinct behaviors when buying products and services of their choice. It is significant to note that the type of goods they want to purchase affects their purchasing behaviors. Consumer buying behavior incorporates a long process in that the purchaser has to ident ify and study the product advantages and disadvantages before deciding whether to purchase it or not. Since the intention of marketing is to ensure satisfaction of the customer in return for profits, business managers need to understand the relationship among price, consumer behavior, and marketing activities. Marketers need to identify customers’ needs, preferences, tastes, desires, and expectations of consumers in purchasing their products (Doyle 2006, pp. 73–4). ... Some buyers have an intricate purchasing behavior that is linked with different products that they intend to purchase (Grewal & Mamorstein 1994, p. 462). An intricate purchasing behavior is seen when the product to be bought is expensive; therefore, the consumer will tend to be more cautious when purchasing such products. For instance, intricate buying behavior is evident when purchasing things such as cars or computers. When setting prices for such products, marketers should consider the consumer’s income since high prices will drive them away (Lichtnstein 1993, p. 239). Price is one of the most significant marketplace signals. The issue of price is very important in buying situations since it represents to customers the amount of capital they must pay for a certain product. In addition, price represents how much money a consumer is going to give to a product seller in order to acquire a product; therefore, if prices are high, they negatively affect the chances of the consume r buying a particular item (Bolton et al. 2003, p. 476). Consumer perception of the price level of a particular product has a negative influence on the buying behavior of the consumer and an indirect positive influence on buying intentions through product quality perceptions. This trend is attributed to the fact that consumers are heterogeneous in respect of their intentions and response to product prices (Lichtnstein et al. 1993, p. 241). In most cases, consumers utilize a product price to choose if they will purchase it or not. They utilize a product price to determine the efficiency and quality of that product since they tend to believe that high prices imply good quality. According to research by

Media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 8

Media - Essay Example t racism has filtered into our sociological order and has become an insidious form of institutionalized and subtle bias that is more threatening than in the past. When we speak of racism in America our attention is necessarily directed towards the African-American population. Claims of black racism against whites based on affirmative action, or bias against Euro-ethnic groups and religions are simply unfounded. According to Pettigrew, â€Å"Two centuries of slavery, another century of legalized segregation, and the evolution of these structures into today’s unique and entrenched system of racial discrimination deny any validity to this politically convenient perspective† (320). While many ethnic groups have assimilated into the American culture, Blacks have been disassociated due to skin color. Catholics, Jews, and the Irish are more able to meld into mainstream institutions than African-Americans. Blacks are the most heavily differentiated racial group in America and this has heightened their own sense of cultural differences as well as desensitizing whites to their sense of racial bias. The desensitization of white bias against African-Americans can be seen in the educational disparity that exists in America today. When America’s educational system moved away from the concept of separate but equal, and into a more integrated school model, the tendency was to make the black educational system more white rather than more right. There has been little effort at real improvement in the predominately black public schools in America. These misguided efforts have â€Å"denigrated Black teachers and administrators, and the institutions themselves. Many Black schools were closed, traditions lost, and culture ignored. The Black parents feared that the children would be forced to adopt White culture and lose their own rich culture and identity† (Jackson 143). While there has been an increase in Black studies and racial historical sensitivity, the move towards separate

Techniques For Airflow Rate Measurements

Techniques For Airflow Rate Measurements My company is setting up an experiment to measure the airflow rate in a duct. Airflow measurement techniques are necessary especially in many industries. Some of the common airflow measuring applications include ventilation testing, air balancing, ductwork, air planes and so on. Many research and studies have been put into improving and inventing new equipments to measure air flow. This is so to enable user to get the most accurate result and at the same time using the least cost. This report outlines the different airflow measurement techniques and devices that are available today. There are many different types and ways to measure air flow but I will concentrate on those that are more popular and commonly used. They are the Pitot-tube, Orifice plate, Venturi meter, Cup anemometer, Sphere anemometer and Hot-Wire anemometer. Techniques and devices for airflow rate measurements 2.1 Pitot tube A pitot-static tube is used in wind tunnel experiments and on airplanes to measure the air flow rate. It is also used in many industrial applications. It was invented by the French engineer Henri Pitot in the early 1700s and was later modified to its modern form in the mid 1800s by French scientist Henry Darcy. It is a slender tube that has two holes on it (Figure 1). The front hole is placed in the airstream to measure whats called the stagnation pressure. The side hole measures the static pressure. By measuring the difference between these pressures, we are able to get the dynamic pressure that can be used to calculate the air velocity. By Bernoullis principle, Stagnation pressure = static pressure + dynamic pressure Solving that for velocity we get: Where V: fluid velocity; pt: stagnation or total pressure; ps: static pressure; à Ã‚ : fluid density Figure 1: Pitot-Static Tube The incorporation of sensors to measure the air temperature, barometric pressure, and relative humidity can further increase the accuracy of the velocity and flow measurements. The Pitot tube can also measure the velocity with the use of a pressure transducer that generates an electrical signal which is proportional to the difference between the pressures generated by the total pressure and the static pressure. The volumetric flow is then calculated by measuring the average velocity of an air stream passing through a passage of a known diameter. When measuring volumetric flow, the passage of a known diameter must be designed to reduce air turbulence as the air mass flows over the Pitot tube. To obtain an estimate of the volumetric flow in the duct from a series of pitot-static tube velocity measurements, one must integrate the velocity over the duct area. There are many of different methods for approximating the above integral. One of the methods is to divide the duct cross-section into a number of equal area sectors, and then measure the average velocity at the center of each sectors. For example, we can divide the cross-section of the duct in the figure below: The velocity will be by calculating the sum: 2.1.1 Advantages and Disadvantages The advantages of using pitot-static tube is that it can be inserted in small airstream and it presents little resistance to flow. It is simple, inexpensive and suited for a variety of environmental conditions including extremely high temperatures and a wide range of pressures. The disadvantages would be that if the flow rate is low, the difference in pressures will be too small to accurately measure with the transducer. If the air flow is high (supersonic), assumptions of Bernoullis equation will be violated and thus leading us to wrong measurement. Furthermore, if the tubes are clogged, the reading by the transducer will be inaccurate resulting in dire consequence in the context on airplane. Icing of the pitot tube had caused plane to crash. 2.2 Orifice Plate Orifice plate is used for flow rate measuring in pipe systems. An orifice plate is placed in a pipe containing a fluid flow, which constricts the smooth flow of the fluid inside the pipe. By restricting the flow, the orifice meter causes a pressure drop across the plate. By measuring the difference between the two pressures across the plate, the orifice meter determines the flow rate through the pipe. Figure 2: Orifice Plate in a duct Applying Bernoullis equation to a streamline flowing down the axis of the tube gives, Where, P: pressure à Ã‚ : density of the fluid V: Velocity of the fluid As shown in the above diagram(Figure 2), point 1 is upstream of the orifice, and point 2 is behind the orifice. It is recommended that point 1 be positioned one pipe diameter upstream of the orifice, and point 2 be positioned one-half pipe diameter downstream of the orifice. Since the pressure at 1 will be higher than the pressure at point 2, the pressure difference will be a positive quantity. From continuity equation, the velocities can be replaced by cross-sectional areas of the flow and the volumetric flow rate Q, Where, A: cross sectional area Solving for the volumetric flow rate Q gives, The above equation remains true with perfectly laminar, inviscid flows. As for real flows like water or air, we have to take into account of the viscosity and turbulence that are present .To account for this effect, a discharge coefficient Cd is introduced into the above equation to marginally reduce the flow rate Q, Since the actual flow profile at point 2 downstream of the orifice is quite complicated, the following substitution introducing a flow coefficient Cf is made, Where, Ao: area of the orifice As a result, the volumetric flow rate Q for real flows is given by the equation, The flow coefficient Cf is found from experiments and is tabulated in reference books. It ranges from 0.6 to 0.9 for most orifices. Since it depends on the orifice and pipe diameters (as well as the Reynolds Number), one will often find Cf tabulated versus the ratio of orifice diameter to inlet diameter, sometimes defined as b, The mass flow rate can be found by multiplying Q with the fluid density, There are mainly 3 different types of orifice plates. They are Concentric, Segmental and Eccentric. This is to accommodate for different applications so that the meter has the optimum structure. The density and viscosity of the fluid, and the shape and width of the pipe do influence the choice of plate shape to be used. The concentric orifice is the most common of the 3 types. In this design, the orifice is equidistant. It is generally used for clean liquid and gas flow in pipes under six inches, where Reynolds numbers range from 20, 000 to 107. We will therefore use concentric orifice for our experiment purposes. ( which deals with air). Segmental orifice is similar to concentric orifice with regard to its functioning. The circular section is concentric with the pipe while the segmental part is mounted in a horizontal pipe. This installation helps to eliminate of foreign materials on the upstream side of the orifice. Eccentric orifice plates are designed in such a way that the edge of the orifice is reallocated towards the interior of the pipe wall. It is used in similar manner as the segmental orifice plate. Figure 3 below shows the different types of orifice plates: 2.2.1 Advantages and Disadvantages With no moving parts and a simple design, the orifice is easily machined. It is low lost and can be easily inserted into a duct or an existing pipeline with a minimum alteration to the layout. Therefore orifice plate has been a popular device for flow measurement. The disadvantage is that it creates a rather large non-recoverable pressure due to the turbulence around the plate, leading to high energy consumption (Foust, 1981). 2.3 Venturi meter Most of the unrecoverable loss of pressure with an orifice is due to the sudden change in the cross sectional area. The sudden increase of area after the air passes the section of minimum area: the rapid convergence of the stream on the upstream side contributes considerably to the total loss. We are able to recover most of the pressure by leading the stream with the use of a conical length of pipe, with its smaller end of the same cross section as the jet, and gradually expanding in size along the direction of flow until the full pipe diameter is reached. An arrangement of this kind, with a conical entry is known as a venturi tube. The Venturi effect is named after Giovanni Battista Venturi (1746-1822), an Italian physicist. A venturi meter consists of a cylindrical length, a converging length with an included angle of 20o or more, and short parallel throat, and a diverging section with an included angle of about 6o. The internal finishes and proportions are designed in such a way to enable us to achieve the most accurate readings while ensuring minimum head losses. Assuming that the fluid is inviscid with no losses due to viscosity, the velocity at section 1 and 2 are V 1 and V 2 respectively. The velocities are steady and uniform over areas A 1 and A 2 Applying Bernoullis equation to a streamline passing along the axis between the two sections ( 1 2 ). Where, V:Velocity of the fluid P: Pressure à Ã‚ : density of the fluid Z: Height Using continuity equation, Q = A1 V 1 = A 2 V 2 When real world effects such as fluid friction and turbulence are included a correction factor, called the coefficient of discharge, Cd is introduced into the venturi equation giving For low viscosity fluids C d = 0,98. 2.3.1 Advantages and Disadvantages The venturi tube introduces substantially lower non-recoverable pressure drops (Foust, 1981). Therefore venture tube can be used on more viscous fluid. However it has limited range ability. It must be used only on installations where the flow rate is well known and varies less than 3 to 1. It is rather expensive and should be flow calibrated to provide accuracy into the range of +/- 1.00%, Units are big and weigh more than comparable head devices and thus making it difficult to install and inspect. 2.4 Anemometer An anemometer, also known as wind vane is a device for measuring the air flow rate in a contained flow such as duct or unconfined flow. The term is derived from the Greek word anemos, meaning wind. In around 1450, the Italian art architect Leon Battista Alberti invented the first mechanical anemometer which consisted of a disk placed perpendicular to the wind. To determine the velocity, an anemometer detects change in some physical property of the fluid or the effect of the fluid on a mechanical device inserted into the flow. They are probably best used mounted on light, preferably streamlined, supports and inserted into the airstream from one side. 2.4.1 Cup anemometer This device consists of three or four hemispherical cups mounted at the ends of horizontal spokes which rotates about a low-friction vertical shaft. An electrical device is used to record the revolutions of the cups and measures the air flow rate. (Figure below) As the anemometer is placed inside the flow stream, the concave surfaces of the cups have higher wind resistance than their convex counterparts and thus producing an unbalanced moment with respect to the center axis. This forces the cups to rotate (see schematic). Under steady flow condition, the rotational speed of the anemometer is directly related to the wind speed, that is: V=rw. There are number of fundamental physical parameters and characteristics of an anemometer that affects the cup anemometer performance. They are: rotor arm length cup area rotor inertia drag coefficient on convex face of cup drag coefficient on concave face of cup static, dynamic and parabolic mechanical friction coefficients for temperature range sensitivity characteristic to out-of-plane attack linearised calibration curve. A well designed cup anemometer should have the following characteristics as shown in the Figure 4 below: Let us examine a cup anemometer rotating at speed w in a free wind speed U: The instantaneous aerodynamic torque on the rotor, MA, is given by: where A: frontal area of the anemometer r: the air density Cdv : drag coefficients for the concave faces of cup Cdx drag coefficients for the convex faces of cup In the steady state, there is perfect torque balance (MA=0), and the equation reduces to: defining l and  µ as the speed and drag ratios respectively: allows further re-expression in a quadratic form: Typical values of Cdv and Cdx are 1.4 and 0.4 respectively, giving a value of  µ of 3.5. The above equation predicts that the consequential speed ratio l will be 0.303, meaning the rotor will rotate at about one third of the wind speed. Note that this solution also proves the theoretically linear sensitivity of the cup anemometer to wind speed. It also shows that the speed ratio is dependent on the drag characteristics of the cup and not the size. Furthermore, the rotational speed is inversely proportional to rotor radius. 2.4.2 Advantages and disadvantages The advantages of the cups are their reliability and ruggedness. The disadvantages are the relatively high threshold velocity (the minimum wind velocity needed to start the cups to turn). It is mainly used to only measure the horizontal component of the wind. Another problem with cup anemometry is the different response time for increasing and decreasing wind velocities due to its moment of inertia. This results in an overestimation of wind speed under turbulent wind conditions as present in nature, the so-called over-speeding. Additionally, the rotation of the anemometer causes a wear of bearing and leads to a recalibrations with time. 2.5 Sphere anemometer Many research and studies have gone into the improving of such a device (Cup anemometer). For example, the sphere anemometer. It was developed at the University of Oldenburg. This sphere anemometer, as shown in figure 4 below, is able to measure the air flow rate as well as simultaneous detection of the air flow direction. It eliminates the problem of wear of bearing as encountered in cup anemometer. Figure 5: The sphere anemometer uses the relationship between the point force F acting on the tip of a rod and its resulting deflection s. (1) Where l: the length of the rod E: the elasticity modulus Ja: the second moment of area. In case of the sphere anemometer, with a sphere radius r much bigger than the radius of the rod rR, the force can be assumed to act only on the tip. The second moment of area is then given by (2) Together with the force acting on the sphere (3) where cd: the drag coefficient of the sphere A: the cross section of the sphere ÃŽÂ ¡: the density of air V: the wind velocity Equation 1 becomes (4) Therefore the deflection of the rod is proportional to the drag coefficient cd and the wind velocity squared. For a calibration it is necessary to know how the drag coefficient cd changes with wind velocities. Table 1 below shows the drag coefficient of a sphere plotted against the Reynolds number (Re) (cf [1]). It can be seen that for Reynolds numbers in the range from about 800 to 200000 the change in drag coefficient cd is negligible. For a sphere with a radius r = 40mm this range in Re corresponds to a range in wind velocities from 0.17m/s to 38m/s using where v = 1.51 x 10-5 m2/s is the kinematic viscosity of air. Within this velocity range the deflection s of the rod is directly proportional to the wind velocity squared. With this direct relation it is easy to calibrate the sphere anemometer over a wide range of wind velocities. Table 1: 2.6 Hot wire anemometer Thermal anemometry is the most common method used to measure instantaneous fluid velocity. The technique depends on the convective heat loss to the surrounding fluid from an electrically heated sensing element or probe. If only the fluid velocity varies, then the heat loss can be interpreted as a measure of that variable. Working Principle Its principle application is the measurement of rapid fluctuations, particularly the study of turbulent flow; in this field it is the only instrument with sufficiently rapid response, and the associated electronic equipment lends itself readily to signal processing needed to record directly such properties of a turbulence as r.m.s values, correlation functions, and spectral distributions. Governing equation Consider a thin heated wire mounted to supports and exposed to a velocity U Where, W: power generated by Joule heating (W=I2Rw) Q: heat transferred to surrounding Qi: CwTw=thermal energy stored in wire Cw: heat capacity of wire Tw: wire temperature The wire is heated electrically and placed in the flow stream. The energy balance of the heated wire at equilibrium is (equation 1): Where, I: an electric current Rw: the wire resistance h: the heat transfer coefficient A: the heat transfer area Tw: the wire temperature Tf: the fluid temperature D: wire diameter Kf: heat conductivity of fluid Nu: dimensionless heat transfer In the forced convection regime (0.02 Reynolds number: Re= (where r is the air density and U is the velocity and  µ is the air dynamic viscosity).(equation 2) Where Substituted Eq(2) into Eq(1), There are two types of hot-wire anemometer used in practice but I will touch on Constant Temperature Anemometer which is more commonly used. For a case of Constant Temperature Anemometer Where And The voltage is a measured of velocity U. 2.6.1 Advantages and disadvantages It has good frequency response as it can measure up to several hundred kHz possible. It is able to measure a wide range of velocity. It is small in size and has rapid response.- Thermal anemometry enjoys its popularity because the technique involves the use of very small probes that offer very high spatial resolution. The basic principles of the technique are relatively straightforward and the probes are difficult to damage if reasonable care is taken. However, deposition of impurities in flow on sensor can alter the calibration characteristics and reduce frequency response. Probe may or burnt out easily if not carefully taken care of. It is unable to fully map velocity fields that depend on space coordinates and simultaneously on time. Furthermore, it cannot work well in hostile environment like combustion. The wire diameter needs to be very small of the order of 0.02mm or less. Conclusion In this report, I have touched on the different techniques and different devices for the measurement of airflow. There are many different devices in the market but many use similar techniques with abit of new inventions or add ons here and there. Different airflow measuring devices utilize different technologies and thus, one needs to fully understand the characteristics, techniques and its pros and cons before selecting the optimal one for use. In summary, an ideal device to measure air flow rate should have the following characteristics good signal sensitivity. It should be able to detect output for small changes in velocity. High Frequency Response: to accurately follow transients without any time lag Wide velocity range Create minimal flow disturbance Good Spatial Resolution Inexpensive High Accuracy User friendly